A Glycolysis
B Krebs cycle
C Electron transport chain
D Fermentation
Explanation: The electron transport chain produces approximately 34 ATP molecules through oxidative phosphorylation.
A Carbon dioxide
B Nitrogen
C Oxygen
D Hydrogen
Explanation: Oxygen is released as a byproduct when water molecules are split during the light reactions.
A Epithelium
B Nervous tissue
C Cartilage
D Muscle tissue
Explanation: Cartilage is a flexible connective tissue found in joints, ears, and the nose.
A Heart
B Liver
C Skin
D Brain
Explanation: The skin is the largest organ, covering about 20 square feet in adults and protecting against pathogens.
A Eardrum
B Cochlea
C Semicircular canals
D Ossicles
Explanation: Semicircular canals detect rotational movement and help maintain equilibrium.
A White blood cells
B Red blood cells
C Platelets
D Plasma
Explanation: Hemoglobin is the iron-containing protein in RBCs that binds and transports oxygen.
A Salivary glands
B Stomach
C Small intestine
D Liver
Explanation: Pepsin is secreted by chief cells in the stomach and breaks down proteins in acidic conditions.
A Skeletal muscle
B Cardiac muscle
C Smooth muscle
D All of the above
Explanation: Cardiac muscle is involuntary (not under conscious control) and striated, found only in the heart.
A Cerebrum
B Cerebellum
C Medulla oblongata
D Hypothalamus
Explanation: The cerebellum coordinates voluntary movements, balance, and posture.
A Convex lens
B Concave lens
C Cylindrical lens
D Bifocal lens
Explanation: Myopia (nearsightedness) is corrected with concave lenses that diverge light before it enters the eye.
A Insulin
B Estrogen
C Adrenaline
D Thyroxine
Explanation: Estrogen and progesterone are the primary hormones regulating the menstrual cycle.
A Epiglottis
B Glottis
C Esophagus
D Pharynx
Explanation: The epiglottis covers the glottis during swallowing to prevent food from entering the airway.
A Transport oxygen
B Fight infections
C Produce hormones
D Filter blood
Explanation: The lymphatic system produces and transports lymphocytes to fight infections.
A Pacemaker of the heart
B Heart valve
C Blood vessel
D Cardiac muscle
Explanation: The SA node generates electrical impulses that set the rhythm of the heartbeat.
A Plasma
B Hemoglobin
C Platelets
D Lymphocytes
Explanation: Hemoglobin is a protein inside RBCs, not a separate component of blood.
A Translocation
B Transpiration
C Osmosis
D Diffusion
Explanation: Transpiration is the evaporation of water from stomata, creating a pull for water transport.
A Root cap
B Root hairs
C Cambium
D Xylem
Explanation: Root hairs increase surface area for water and mineral absorption from the soil.
A Transport of food
B Transport of water and minerals
C Photosynthesis
D Gaseous exchange
Explanation: Xylem transports water and dissolved minerals from roots to the rest of the plant.
A Cytokinin
B Abscisic acid
C Auxin
D Ethylene
Explanation: Auxin promotes cell elongation, apical dominance, and root development.
A Amylase
B Lipase
C Protease
D Pepsin
Explanation: Amylase breaks down starch into simpler sugars to provide energy during germination.