A Heat is exchanged
B No heat is exchanged
C Temperature is constant
D Pressure is constant
Explanation: Adiabatic: no heat exchange with surroundings.
A Volume
B Absolute temperature
C Pressure only
D Moles only
Explanation: Average KE = 3/2 kT, proportional to absolute temperature.
A Linear
B Exponential
C Quadratic
D Logarithmic
Explanation: N = N0 e^(-lambda t), an exponential decay.
A Electrons
B Helium nuclei
C Protons
D Photons
Explanation: Alpha particles are helium nuclei with charge +2e.
A Half the atoms to decay
B All atoms to decay
C One atom to decay
D Maximum activity
Explanation: Half-life is when half the radioactive nuclei decay.
A Charged particles
B High energy EM radiation
C Neutrons
D Protons
Explanation: Gamma rays are high-energy photons from nuclear transitions.
A Light nuclei
B Heavy nuclei
C Atoms into electrons
D Neutrons into protons
Explanation: Fission splits heavy nuclei into lighter fragments.
A Low temperature
B High temperature and pressure
C Room temperature
D No special conditions
Explanation: Fusion needs ~10^7 K to overcome electrostatic repulsion.
A Mass-energy equivalence
B Charge-mass relation
C Energy-frequency link
D Momentum-velocity link
Explanation: Mass can be converted to energy and vice versa.
A Protons + electrons
B Protons + neutrons
C Neutrons + electrons
D Only protons
Explanation: Mass number A = Z + N.
A Newton
B Einstein
C Maxwell
D Bohr
Explanation: Einstein used photon theory to explain photoelectric effect.
A lambda = h/mv
B lambda = mv/h
C lambda = h/m
D lambda = hv/m
Explanation: lambda = h/p = h/mv, wave-particle duality.
A All element spectra
B Hydrogen line spectrum
C Continuous spectra
D X-ray spectra
Explanation: Bohr\'s model explained the hydrogen line spectrum.
A Excite electron
B Remove electron from surface
C Accelerate proton
D Ionize gas
Explanation: Work function is minimum energy to eject surface electron.
A E = h nu
B E = mv2
C E = mc2
D E = Fd
Explanation: E = h nu, where h is Planck\'s constant.
A Plentiful
B Scarce
C Rare
D Limited
Explanation: \'Abundant\' means existing in large quantities, so \'plentiful\' is the correct synonym.
A Cruel
B Harsh
C Selfish
D Kind
Explanation: \'Benevolent\' means well-meaning and kindly, so \'kind\' is the correct synonym.
A Permanent
B Eternal
C Fleeting
D Enduring
Explanation: \'Ephemeral\' means lasting for a very short time, so \'fleeting\' is the correct synonym.
A Idealistic
B Theoretical
C Practical
D Imaginative
Explanation: \'Pragmatic\' means dealing with things sensibly and realistically, so \'practical\' is the correct synonym.
A Fragile
B Weak
C Vulnerable
D Strong
Explanation: \'Resilient\' means able to recover quickly from difficulties, so \'strong\' is the correct synonym.