Explanation: OH- has lone pairs and a negative charge, enabling it to donate electrons to electron-deficient centers.
Explanation: Sulfur in SF6 is bonded to 6 fluorine atoms with no lone pairs, giving a steric number of 6.
A Iron
B Nickel
C Vanadium pentoxide (V2O5)
D Platinum
Explanation: V2O5 catalyzes the oxidation of SO2 to SO3 in the Contact process for sulfuric acid production.
A Kp = Kc
B Kp = Kc(RT)
C Kp = Kc(RT)^-2
D Kp = Kc(RT)^2
Explanation: Kp = Kc(RT)^dn where dn = 2 - 4 = -2, so Kp = Kc(RT)^-2.
A Linear
B Trigonal planar
C Tetrahedral
D Trigonal pyramidal
Explanation: NH3 has three bonding pairs and one lone pair on nitrogen, giving a trigonal pyramidal shape.
Explanation: H+ is electron-deficient and accepts electron pairs, making it an electrophile.
A Butane
B Propane
C 2-Butanol
D Ethanol
Explanation: 2-Butanol has a chiral carbon bonded to four different groups, making it optically active.
A Polyethene
B Polypropene
C Nylon-6,6
D Polystyrene
Explanation: Nylon-6,6 is formed by condensation of adipic acid and hexamethylenediamine with loss of water.
A White
B Blue
C Reddish brown
D Green
Explanation: FeCl3 reacts with NaOH to form Fe(OH)3, which is a reddish-brown precipitate.
Explanation: BF3 has an incomplete octet on boron and can accept an electron pair, making it a Lewis acid.
Explanation: O2 has a bond order of 2 calculated from molecular orbital theory as (8-4)/2 = 2.
Explanation: Carbon is 12 g/mol out of total 16 g/mol for CH4, giving 12/16 x 100 = 75%.
A SO2
B Na2O
C Al2O3
D Cl2O7
Explanation: Al2O3 is amphoteric and reacts with both acids and bases to form salts and water.
A BCC
B FCC
C HCP
D Simple cubic
Explanation: NaCl has a face-centered cubic structure where each ion is surrounded by 6 ions of opposite charge.
Explanation: HCl is a strong acid, so [H+] = 0.001 M = 10^-3 M, giving pH = 3.
A Roasting
B Smelting
C Cyanide process
D Electrolysis
Explanation: Gold is extracted by dissolving in dilute NaCN solution (cyanide process) followed by reduction.
Explanation: Xe in XeF4 has 8 valence electrons, uses 4 for bonding and has 2 lone pairs remaining.
A Nitrosobenzene
B Aniline
C Phenol
D Benzoic acid
Explanation: Sn/HCl reduces the nitro group of nitrobenzene to an amino group, producing aniline.
Explanation: Nitrogen in NH4+ forms four equivalent sigma bonds with hydrogen using sp3 hybridization.
A Photosynthesis
B Melting of ice
C Evaporation of water
D Combustion of methane
Explanation: Combustion of methane releases heat energy, making it an exothermic process.